CARACTERIZAÇÃO CROMATOGRÁFICA DE EXTRATOS MEDICINAIS DE GUACO: Mikania laevigata SCHULTZ BIP. EX BAKER E M. glomerata SPRENGEL E AÇÃO DE M. laevigata NA INFLAMAÇÃO ALÉRGICA PULMONAR

Abstract

Mikania laevigata Schultz Bip and Mikania glomerata Sprengel are popularly known as guaco and employed in the treatment of respiratory affections. In this work, a new HPLC methodology was developed to improve the quality control of medicinal extracts of these species, quantifying simultaneously three chemical markers: coumarin, o-coumaric acid and kaurenoic acid in aqueous and aqueous lyophilized and hydroalcoolic extracts of plants collected in Paraná (PR) (M. glomerata and M. laevigata) and Santa Catarina (SC) (M. laevigata). The linearity, selectivity, accuracy, repeatability, precision, LQ and LD of the analytical methodology developed was validated. The effects of the quantified extracts and markers on the inflammatory cells influx were evaluated in a in vivo model of allergic inflammation of lungs in mouse. The analyzed parameters were total cell counting on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and bone marrow and histopathologic analysis of lungs. The LC analysis verified that kaurenoic acid is not present in the medicinal extracts, the validation parameters shown the accuracy and precision of the developed method. The aqueous extract presented 35 and 33 μg/mL (o-coumaric acid) and 45 and 21 μg/mL (coumarin), and the hydroalcoolic extracts 1.73 and 0.38 mg/mL (o-coumaric acid) and 1.58 and 0.97 mg/mL (coumarin), for M. glomerata and M. laevigata respectively. To M. laevigata was observed an interference of the local of cultivation on the quantity of the analysed markers, since the species collected in SC presented 13 and 34 μg/mL (o-coumaric acid) and 0.57 and 0.84 mg/mL (coumarin) for the aqueous extract and hydroalcoolic respectively. All lyophilized extracts presented diminished quantity of the chemical markers in comparison with the fresh aqueous extract. The hydroalcoolic extract of M. laevigata, o-coumaric acid and coumarin presented an important antinflammatory effect on the evaluated model.