AVALIAÇÃO DA SENSIBILIDADE AMBIENTAL COSTEIRA E DE RISCO À ELEVAÇÃO MÉDIA DOS OCEANOS E INCIDÊNCIA DE ONDAS DE TEMPESTADE: UM ESTUDO DE CASO PARA ILHA DE SANTA CATARINA, SC

Abstract

Climate change, as a result of global warming, intensify the pressure on the coastal zone, endangering ecosystems associated with estuaries and ocean, as well as socioeconomic activities and coastal infrastructures, impacting directly on security, public health and economy of these regions. The lack of information about hazards and risks associated with coastal climate change makes difficult the urban management and natural resources protection. Considering the importance of the coast zone, this research evaluates methodologies avalible to map coastal sensibility and socioeconomic risk to sea level rise and storm surge due climate change. The Smartline methodology, from Australia, was chosen and adapted to Brazilian reality. Criteria associated to geomorphology, coastal exposure, wave height, tide range and coastal population density was used to calculate the Environmental Coast Sensibility Index. As testing ground for is adapted methodology ,the Santa Catarina Island was chosen for two more reasons: (a) the existence of a full set of data related to the Oil Spill Sensitivity Index mapping, (b) and its diversity of environments. All data was organized and analyzed in geographic information systems, resulting in the sensibility and risk maps for the island. Besides, in addition to confirming the viability of the methodology, the maps raised are in consonance with the goals suggested by the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015, in order to be used to management, or been incorporate by public policy