Proposta metodológica para elaboração de mapas de ruído em ambiente SIG, segundo norma ISO 9613-2

Abstract

Noise mapping is a new activity with growing awareness among public officials and communities. This work presents a methodological proposal for the generation of noise maps in a Geographic Information System (GIS), based on ISO 9613-2, which standards the calculus for noise attenuation during propagation outdoors. Besides the definitions of methodological procedures needed in the application of this standard in a GIS environment, a series of scripts was also developed, aiming at data management and to help the calculus of attenuating phenomena in noise dispersion, such as the attenuation due to the presence of barriers, the geometric divergence, the atmospheric absorption, ground effects and reflections that can increase sound pressure level at receiver points. The methodology was evaluated in a spatial-temporal micro scale, using secondary data, through the application on a case study in the city of Delft, The Netherlands. The authors conceded the study data of noise generated by urban traffic in two distinct areas: a courtyard surrounded by barriers and the segment of a street. Based on these data, the methodology proposal was applied and the results were compared with those surveyed in the study area. Small differences were obtained regarding the street. In the courtyard, though, there were differences up to 12 dB(A) indicating limitations of the methodology in the drafting of noise maps, according to ISO 9613-2, in GIS environment. Despite this fact, the methodology proposed has shown promising attributes. Its application in other scenarios to evolve and to be able to validate itself is necessary